The Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II, often referred to as the Vittoriano or Altar of the Fatherland, is one of Rome’s most iconic landmarks.
Commemorating Italy’s unification and its first king, it stands as a symbol of national pride and resilience.
This guide covers everything you need to know, including top attractions, tickets, guided tours, and helpful tips for your visit.
The Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II Quick Facts
Tickets for The Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
Entry to the Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II is free, but access to the panoramic terrace and certain exhibitions may require a ticket.
For an enhanced experience, consider purchasing a combo ticket that includes access to the panoramic glass elevator and museums, such as the Central Museum of the Risorgimento.
Do I Need a Guided Tour to the Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II?
Exploring the monument independently is enjoyable, but a guided tour can enrich your visit by offering in-depth insights into its history, architectural symbolism, and the significance of Italy’s unification. Guides can provide fascinating anecdotes and help you understand the monument’s complex history, making your experience more memorable and informative.
Things to Do at the Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
Exploring the Monument
- Altar of the Fatherland: Pay your respects at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, a tribute to Italian soldiers who died in wars.
- Equestrian Statue of Vittorio Emanuele II: Admire the impressive bronze statue of Italy's first king, symbolizing unity and strength.
- Panoramic Terrace: Take the glass elevator to enjoy breathtaking views of Rome’s skyline, including the Roman Forum and the Colosseum.
- Central Museum of the Risorgimento: Delve into Italy’s path to unification through exhibitions of artifacts, letters, and personal items of key historical figures.
Hidden Gems
- The Shrine of the Flags Museum: Explore the collection of war flags and memorabilia from Italy’s military history.
- Crypt of the Italian Unknown Soldier: Located beneath the equestrian statue, this crypt is a poignant reminder of Italy’s sacrifices during World War I.
How to Get There & Location
The Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II is located in the heart of Rome, at Piazza Venezia, at the foot of the Capitoline Hill.
- By Metro: The closest station is Colosseo (Line B), a 12-minute walk away.
- By Bus: Multiple lines, including 40, 60, 64, 70, and 80, serve the Piazza Venezia stop.
- On Foot: Easily reachable from major landmarks:
- From the Roman Forum: 7 minutes
- From the Trevi Fountain: 13 minutes
- From the Pantheon: 12 minutes
- From the Colosseum: 12 minutes
You can find official Public Transport Maps via this link.
Opening Hours & Best Time to Visit
- The Vittoriano is open daily from 9:30 am to 7:30 pm (last entry at 6:45 pm). During summer, it extends its hours on Fridays and Saturdays until 10:30 pm.
- Early mornings and late afternoons are the best times to visit, offering a more tranquil experience and optimal lighting for photography.
A Brief History of the Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
After King Vittorio Emanuele II's death in 1878, Italy sought to honor its first king and the unification process. The Vittoriano was commissioned to commemorate his legacy and the country’s newfound unity. Giuseppe Sacconi’s design, inspired by classical Hellenistic sanctuaries, was selected through competitions held in 1880 and 1882.
Construction began in 1885 but faced numerous financial and technical challenges. Following Sacconi’s death in 1905, other architects continued his vision. The monument was inaugurated in 1911 but wasn’t fully completed until 1935 with the opening of the Central Museum of the Risorgimento.
The Vittoriano became a focal point for Italy’s national pride, housing the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier after World War I. During the Fascist era, it served as a backdrop for military parades, symbolizing Italy’s strength and unity. Post-World War II, the monument transitioned into a secular icon of national identity. Restoration efforts in the 21st century have revitalized its significance, making it a cherished symbol of Italy’s history and resilience.
Facilities & Accessibility of the Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
- Cafeteria-Restaurant: Located on the panoramic terrace, offering meals with stunning views.
- Restrooms: Available near the cafe and terrace areas.
- Accessibility: Wheelchair access via a lift on the Aracoeli side of the monument. Elevators provide access to the panoramic terrace and museum areas.
Visiting Rules of the Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
- Respectful Conduct: Maintain a respectful demeanor, especially at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.
- Photography: Permitted, but avoid using professional equipment without permission.
- No Smoking: Smoking is prohibited throughout the premises.
- Food & Drink: Consume only in designated areas like the cafe.
Traveler Tips
- Book in Advance: Skip the line and book tickets for the panoramic terrace online.
- Arrive Early: Beat the crowds by visiting early in the morning.
- Stay Hydrated: Bring water, especially in warm weather.
- Comfortable Footwear: The monument involves a lot of walking and stairs.
- Nearby Attractions: Explore the Roman Forum, Colosseum, and Trevi Fountain after your visit.
Top Attractions Nearby Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II
- National Museum of Palazzo Venezia: Just a 5-minute walk away, offering a deep dive into Italian art and history.
- Roman Forum & Palatine Hill: A 7-minute walk to these iconic ruins of ancient Rome.
- Colosseum: A 12-minute stroll to the world’s largest ancient amphitheater.
- Trevi Fountain: A 13-minute walk to this legendary fountain.
- Pantheon: A 12-minute walk to this ancient Roman temple.
- Piazza Navona: A 14-minute stroll to this vibrant square filled with Baroque art.
- Campo de' Fiori: A 15-minute walk to a lively market square.
A visit to the Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II is an immersion into Italy’s rich history and national pride. After exploring the Vittoriano, take time to visit nearby treasures like the Roman Forum, Colosseum, and Trevi Fountain. Whether you’re captivated by the monument’s grandeur, historical significance, or panoramic views, it is a must-see landmark in the heart of Rome.